Tuesday, 17 November 2015

BRANCHES OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

                             


Architectural engineering

                            Architectural engineering, also known as building engineering, is the application of engineering principles and technology to building design and construction. Architectural engineers create much of the physical environment in which we all work, live. and play. gaining and honing the needed analytical and design abilities is challenging and never ending . in a course on construction materials and methods , you"ll learn about construction process, building codes, and working with concrete metals, wood and plastics. you might visit a construction site and then write about the choice the architects and engineers have made / you could design a building in detail and might even get to build part of it. 

Construction engineering
Construction engineering is a professional discipline that deals with the designing, planning, construction, and management of infrastructures such as highways, bridges, airports, railroads, buildings, dams, and utilities.The entire environment of homes, buildings, roads, freeways, bridges, and much more result from the delivery of construction projects. It is the responsibility of the construction engineer and construction manager to deliver these projects in a manner that maximizes value – a quality product at a fair price, safely constructed in a timely fashion. This final step in the development of our infrastructure – construction – is one of the most visible products in all of engineering.
Earthquake engineering
Earthquake engineering or engineering seismology is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering that searches for ways to make structures, such as buildings and bridges, resistant to earthquake damage. The focus of our Earthquake Engineering practice is two-fold: post-earthquake investigations of causative mechanisms resulting in structural damage, failure, or collapse; and earthquake planning and risk mitigation, which includes identification, quantification, and mitigation of risk through optimal repair strategies, performance-based upgrades, and customized solutions. We offer multi-faceted holistic support to property owners, insurance and legal communities, and government agencies, both in the aftermath of earthquakes and in pre-earthquake planning and mitigation.

Hydraulic engineering
Hydraulic engineering as a sub-discipline of civil engineering is concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water and sewage. One feature of these systems is the extensive use of gravity as the motive force to cause the movement of the fluids.hydraulics engineering is a field within the civil engineering discipline that addresses the control and management of water resources. As a hydraulic engineer, you"ll plan and manage the flow and storage of water.
Mining engineering
Mining engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the practice, the theory, the science, the technology, and application of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring environment. Mining Engineers design mines and will use engineering principles, technology and scientific theory for the safe and effective extraction of natural resources from these mines. Mining Engineers plan, design and operate the mining processes, both underground and above ground. Mining Engineers will be responsible for the overseeing of both mining operations and miners, and are employed by many mining-related organizations.
Mining Engineers will often work with Geologists and Metallurgical Engineers to find and evaluate new mineral deposits. Some Mining Engineers will be involved in the development of new equipment or direct mineral-processing operations to separate minerals from dirt, rock, and other materials.
Transportation engineering
Transportation engineering or transport engineering is the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation and management of facilities for any mode of transportation in order to provide for the safe, efficient, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical. Transportation has always played an essential role in the development of society, originally with regard to trade routes and harbours, but more recently with regard to land- and air-based systems as well. It is the transportation engineer's responsibility to plan, design, build, operate and maintain these systems of transport, in such a way as to provide for the safe, efficient and convenient movement of people and goods.

 Geotechnical engineering 

Geotechnical engineering is a civil engineering discipline that is concerned with building on, in, or with soil and rock. Geotechnical engineers design dams, embankments, cuts, foundations, retaining walls, anchors, tunnels, and all other structures directly interacting with the subsoil, both onshore and offshore. Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. Geotechnical engineering is important in civil engineering, but also has applications in military, mining, petroleum  and other engineering disciplines that are concerned with construction occurring on the surface or within the ground. Geotechnical engineering uses principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics to investigate subsurface conditions and materials; determine the relevant physical mechanical and chemical properties of these materials; evaluate stability of natural slopes and man-made soil deposits; assess risks posed by site conditions; design earthworks and structure foundations; and monitor site conditions, earthwork and foundation construction.